TYPES OF NURSING DIAGNOSIS

Problem-Focused (Actual) Nursing Diagnosis

Definition: An actual problem that the patient is currently experiencing, supported by signs and symptoms.

Example: Impaired Gas Exchange

Scenario: A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is struggling to breathe, with oxygen saturation at 88% and rapid, shallow breathing.

Diagnosis: Impaired Gas Exchange related to alveolar-capillary membrane changes as evidenced by low oxygen saturation (88%) and dyspnea.

Risk Nursing Diagnosis

Definition: No problem exists yet, but the patient has increased vulnerability to developing one due to risk factors.

Example: Risk for Falls

Scenario: An elderly patient with poor vision and unsteady gait is living alone.

Diagnosis: Risk for Falls related to impaired vision and unsteady gait.

Health Promotion Nursing Diagnosis

Definition: A patient’s readiness and motivation to improve health (even if no current problem exists).

Example: Readiness for Enhanced Nutrition

Scenario: A patient expresses a desire to eat healthier to improve energy levels and overall well-being.

Diagnosis: Readiness for Enhanced Nutrition.

Syndrome Nursing Diagnosis

Definition: A cluster of related problems that often occur together.

Example: Post-Trauma Syndrome

Scenario: A patient who survived a car accident experiences flashbacks, anxiety, and avoidance of driving.

Diagnosis: Post-Trauma Syndrome (includes related diagnoses like Anxiety, Disturbed Sleep Pattern, and Fear).