Nursing Care of Patients with Diabetes
DIABETES MELLITUS Definition: Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by increased levels of glucose in the blood (hyperglycemia) resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Types and Causes 1. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 diabetes (formerly called juvenile diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, or IDDM) is caused by destruction of the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. When the beta cells are destroyed, they are unable to produce insulin. 2. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 diabetes mellitus (formerly called adult-onset diabetes mellitus, non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, or NIDDM). In type 2 diabetes mellitus, tissues are resistant to insulin. 3. Gestational Diabetes Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) occurs in pregnancies, especially in women with risk factors for type 2 diabetes...